The purpose of this paper, which has been accomplished through the documentary method, is to provide a checklist of the criteria for evaluating electronic specialized indexes. For this purpose, the printed and electronic texts that have been evaluated for the indexes have been studied and the criteria that have been scattered in various texts regarding the evaluation of the indexes have been identified and collected. In addition, some of the criteria were directly identified by referencing and reviewing the indexes. In this way, based on the criteria for which dimensions and capabilities of the indexes are considered, they are all categorized into eight classes, and finally, a checklist of the criteria for evaluating the specialized e-indexes was presented.

The body of interdisciplinary research has become much rigorous during the last three decades, and a large number of theses, articles, books, and even several interdisciplinary journals are published in various fields, including information and knowledge science. There is also a considerable tendency among universities to launch interdisciplinary courses and also among Iranian researchers for interdisciplinary studies. Now, doing a thesis with an interdisciplinary approach is a kind of innovation and an academic privilege. However, many researchers, supervisors, graduate students, and reviewers of articles or research projects are not aware of the requirements and frameworks of interdisciplinary research and, as a result, unaware of the methods of evaluating such studies. Compared to the existence of books and articles related to the evaluation of interdisciplinary studies in English language that present various frameworks and methods, we lack examples in Persian language in this field. In this article, by reviewing some related articles and books, a specific framework and criteria for evaluating interdisciplinary research based on the main and conventional parts of a research article are introduced. According to this, sections such as the title, abstract, keywords, theoretical foundations, objectives, statement of the problem, questions or hypotheses, research background, methodology, findings, conclusions, and cited sources can be evaluated based on criteria. This would be helpful to identify concrete examples to check the extent of researchers' attention to interdisciplinary frameworks and approaches. The frameworks and criteria introduced in this article are useful for researchers, supervisors, students and reviewers of theses or scientific articles, including the field of information and knowledge sciences.

Environmental evaluation methodologies are applied for the identification and aggregation of environmental impacts as well as the evaluation of alternatives in environmental impact assessment (EIA). In this study, spatial multi-criteria evaluation (SMCE) technique was used for environmental impacts and alternatives evaluation. This technique is used in geographical information system (GIS) and it enables GIS in decision making and alternatives evaluation spatially. The aim of this research was a feasible study of GIS application to the environmental impact evaluation by SMCE technique. The evaluation method in SMCE is based on Multi-criteria Analysis. For this study, environmental assessment of a land use plan was considered. Two alternatives were assessed for the environmental impacts and alternatives evaluation: land use plan alternative (Alternative 1) and non-action alternative (Alternative 2). In non-action alternative, region development is based on any designed plan. The most important result of this study was the possibility of environmental impacts and alternatives evaluations in GIS. SMCE has had suitable abilities in environmental impact evaluation. Therefore, GIS could evaluate alternatives in EIA, the action that was impossible in the past. SMCE advantages are such as quantitative present of impact magnitude, aggregation of data layers, quantitative and computerized methods for data layer standardization, ability in weighing impacts by quantitative and qualitative approaches, evaluating many numbers alternatives and considering different weights for impacts and categories of environment. It is possible that SMCE presents desirability of development plan visually. For this presentation, Composite index map was demonstrated by SMCE-ILWIS.

Any scientific activity or instrumental application involving façades—such as research, design, evaluation, and decision-making—requires a comprehensive set of criteria to cover all expected requirements. This highlights the necessity of a study to explore, gather, and organize a holistic set of criteria for the evaluation, study, design, and decision-making regarding façades. Moreover, establishing a comprehensive list of criteria is essential but insufficient on its own. It is equally important to achieve a mutual understanding of these criteria, providing experts and researchers with a common language and understanding regarding façades. Although various criteria have been mentioned in different façade-related research, a summary study to gather, organize, and reliably define these criteria is needed to improve the logical applications of façades and facilitate mutual understanding. This study aims to take the first step in meeting this requirement by describing each criterion relevant to façade assessment. In this context, a systematic library-based research approach was employed, reviewing 71 related papers. criteria were then extracted using an exploratory study based on open and axial coding methods. Ultimately, 42 criteria were identified and organized into five primary categories: environmental aspects, social impacts, economic aspects, efficiency and effectiveness, and technical aspects.

Islamic Sharia has established a rule named " gharar " in order to back up and guarantee transactions and prevent loss or conflicts among those involved. This rule helps each trader or investor feel secure when entering into the transaction. The survey of religious books shows that there are different views about gharar criteria. Since financial markets face growing risks and uncertainty, providing clear criteria for gharar can prevent people from entering into transactions with unacceptable risks or the ones considered to be void. The concept of gharar is a challenging one due to its various definitions and criteria presented by jurists. Some of these have pointed out ignorance in a contract and others have focused on the ignorance which leads to danger or risk. This study used descriptive and analytical methods to offer both the literal and technical definition of gharar together with its criteria in new transactions. It has also categorized the opinions of jurists and planned an interview with contemporary jurisprudents. The aim is to provide a clear benchmark for distinguishing between gharar in new transactions and those with high risks.